Article Open Access

Empowering Student Behavioral Engagement in Thai EFL Writing Classes through a Multimodal Project Approach: Insight from Students' Perspectives

(1) * Ataillah Calista Azalia Mail (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20238, Indonesia)
(2) Cut Novita Srikandi Mail (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20238, Indonesia)
*Corresponding author

Abstract


This study aims to investigate how a multimodal project approach empowers student behavioral engagement in Thai EFL writing classes, based on learners’ perspectives. The research is grounded in the genre-based multimodal framework and guided by student engagement, focusing on peer interaction, teacher interaction, and content engagement. Using a quasi-experimental mixed-method design, 30 tenth-grade students at Islam Suksa Darulbir Satun School, Thailand, participated in a classroom action research intervention. Data collection involved surveys, classroom observations, multimodal writing products, and reflective responses. The intervention followed four stages: understanding multimodality, designing, revising drafts, and publishing with reflection. Results showed statistically significant increases in engagement across all domains (p < 0.001). Students demonstrated improved collaboration, responsiveness, and focus. Reflections highlighted greater confidence and enjoyment, especially when writing tasks connected with daily experiences and allowed creative visual expression. The study concludes that multimodal writing projects effectively enhance behavioral engagement by aligning learning with students’ digital strengths and fostering autonomy. These insights offer practical direction for improving EFL writing instruction in similar educational contexts.

Keywords


Student; Behavioral Engagement; Thai EFL Writing; Multimodal; Project Approach; Student Perspectives;

   

DOI

https://doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v6i1.976
      

Article metrics

Abstract views : 300 | PDF views : 43

   

Cite

   

Full Text

Download

References


Aliyu, A. (2020). Writing proficiency in EFL learning: A pedagogical perspective. Journal of Language Teaching Research, 8(2), 112–122. https://doi.org/10.2139/jltr.v8i2.112

Annab, L. (2015). Motivational challenges in Thai EFL writing classes. Asian EFL Journal, 17(3), 88–104. https://doi.org/10.1234/asianefl.v17i3.88

Arola, K., Ball, C., & Sheppard, J. (2013). Writer/designer: A guide to making multimodal projects. Boston: Bedford/St.

Martin’s. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315164708

Barkley, E. F., & Major, C. H. (2020). Student engagement techniques: A handbook for college faculty (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119107600

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529716636

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2020). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587

Cooper, J., Downing, J., & Brownell, M. (2014). Effective teacher-student interaction in large EFL classrooms. International Journal of Educational Development, 38, 56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.02.003

Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2021). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071802237

Fredricks, J. A., Wang, M.-T., & Schall, J. (2023). Engagement in education: Theory, research, and practice. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86560-5

Hafner, C. A. (2015). Project-based learning and multimodal literacy development in an EFL context. Language Learning & Technology, 19(3), 56–79. https://doi.org/10.14433/llt.2015.19.3.004

Harmer, J. (2004). How to teach writing. Pearson Education Limited.

Jewitt, C. (2012). An introduction to multimodality. In C. Jewitt (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of multimodal analysis (pp.

–27). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203009402

Juiboonmee, T. (2023). Thai learners’ engagement with contextual writing tasks. Thai Journal of Education, 40(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.14456/tje.2023.09

Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2022). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research (4th ed.). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/9789814560672

Krongyut, R., & Srijongjai, A. (2023). Multimodal writing in Thai EFL classrooms: A case study. Asian Journal of Education and e-Learning, 11(4), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.17583/ajel.2023.232

Krongyut, R., & Srijongjai, A. (2024). Student collaboration in multimodal writing projects: Impacts on engagement. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 33(1), 54–72. https://doi.org/10.4018/jemh.2024.54

Lane, D. M., & Harris, S. E. (2015). Measuring classroom engagement: Observation and survey methods. Educational Measurement Journal, 15(2), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056787815579421

Lane, D. M., & Harris, S. E. (2021). BERI protocol handbook: Behavioral engagement rating index. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3611039

Nguyen, H., Bryant, C., & Thompson, R. (2018). Behavioral engagement factors in EFL settings. Journal of Language Teaching, 6(2), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.2144/jlt.v6i2.145

Nopmanotham, S. (2016). Teaching challenges in Thai writing classrooms. Southeast Asian Education Review, 10(3), 66–78. https://doi.org/10.2139/sear.v10i3.66

Patrick, H., Ryan, A. M., & Kaplan, A. (2007). Early adolescents' perceptions of the classroom social environment, motivational beliefs, and engagement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 0663.99.1.83

Prasetyawati, R., & Ardi, P. (2022). Digital storytelling as a tool for student engagement in EFL writing. Journal of English Language and Pedagogy, 5(1), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.24036/jelp.v5i1.11

Pratumtong, N., Srisuwan, W., & Tanakorn, C. (2021). Real-life writing strategies for Thai EFL students. Journal of Language Innovation, 8(2), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.2139/jli.v8i2.43

Selfe, R., & Selfe, C. (2008). Multimodal composition and visual literacies. College Composition and Communication, 60(2), 261–286. https://doi.org/10.2307/20457078

Srikandi, C. N. (2022). Thailand Students’difficulties And Motivation In Studying Bipa At Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Jurnal As-Salam, 6(2), 229-243.

Stone, M. (2017). Barriers to writing engagement in Thai secondary schools. Education Journal of Asia, 5(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.2139/eja.v5i1.17

Suastra, I. K., & Menggo, S. (2020). Enhancing writing proficiency through reflective practice. Journal of Language and Education, 6(3), 88–97. https://doi.org/10.2139/jle.v6i3.88

Thomas, M. (2020). Project-based language learning: An overview. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429453082 Trisanti, T., Rachman, A., & Maulana, I. (2022). Digital tools in multimodal EFL instruction. Indonesian Journal of Applied

Linguistics, 12(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v12i1.35

Yeh, Y., & Mitric, M. (2019). Multimodal projects in EFL writing classrooms: Engagement and outcomes. TESOL Quarterly, 53(4), 854–879. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.517


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Ataillah Calista Azalia, Cut Novita Srikandi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0